Vietnam is estimated to need between $55 - 92 billion during the 2021 - 2030 period to fully implement its climate adaptation tasks.

This figure was presented in Vietnam's updated National Adaptation Plan (NAP)  for 2021 - 2030, with a vision to 2050, released in 2025.

The NAP reflects Vietnam’s efforts to strengthen climate resilience while promoting international cooperation and mobilizing resources for adaptation solutions, contributing to the implementation of the country’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

To date, Vietnam is one of 65 countries that have submitted the NAP to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Secretariat.

If Vietnam continues to allocate 1.5% of its GDP annually for climate adaptation during 2021–2030, it will need to mobilize $2.75–6.42 billion per year from non-budgetary sources, equivalent to $27.5–64.16 billion over the decade.

This presents a major challenge for Vietnam in deploying effective climate adaptation measures. Therefore, alongside mobilizing domestic resources and attracting investment from various economic sectors, international financial and technological support is crucial to implementing climate adaptation activities.

According to the World Bank’s 2022 Country Climate and Development Report, climate change impacts could cost Vietnam 12–14.5% of its GDP by 2050, amounting to $400–523 billion in total losses.

The additional financial investment needed for adaptation from 2022 to 2040 is estimated at $254 billion, including $219 billion for infrastructure and $35 billion for social programs aimed at enhancing climate resilience.

Vietnam is unlikely to meet these needs relying solely on domestic resources. External support is essential, including: encouraging private investment in resilient technologies and infrastructure; increasing budgetary revenues through mechanisms such as the carbon market and concessional loans to ease fiscal pressure; and mobilizing international financial flows from investment institutions, multilateral and bilateral donors, and foreign direct investment (FDI).

In this context, international cooperation in finance and technology remains a key pillar for Vietnam to achieve its climate adaptation and greenhouse gas reduction goals.